I went to the mikvah and checked for hangnails before I went in. I found one and tried as best I could to remove it (didn't have the special hangnail remover so just used a nail clipper). The next morning I found it had gotten worse, and there were a few others (some small, one even so loose I think it later fell off on its own). I'm assuming these hangnails came from cutting my fingernails and so I don't know if maybe I didn't check for them thoroughly enough the night before, or if they just showed up the next day, and halachically if there is anything I need to do (go to mikvah again?)
Answer
In this case, where you noticed the hangnails the following morning, you may assume that they developed after immersion. Your immersion remains valid and need not be repeated.